Monument to Victor Emmanuel II

The Monument to Victor Emmanuel II, also known as the Altare della Patria or simply the Vittoriano, dominates Piazza Venezia with its gleaming white Brescian marble. This massive neoclassical structure was built to honor Victor Emmanuel II, the first king of a unified Italy. Visitors are immediately struck by its sheer scale and the elaborate equestrian statue of the king at its center. The monument houses the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, guarded by eternal flames, a solemn reminder of Italy's fallen soldiers. Climbing to the rooftop terrace, accessible by elevator or stairs, rewards you with one of the best panoramic views of Rome's historic center, including the Roman Forum and Colosseum. The building also contains the Central Museum of the Risorgimento, which details Italy's unification process. Despite its controversial architectural style, some Romans call it 'the wedding cake' or 'the typewriter', it remains a must-see landmark.

Don't miss

• Rooftop terrace with 360-degree views of Rome
• Equestrian statue of Victor Emmanuel II
• Tomb of the Unknown Soldier with eternal flame
• Central Museum of the Risorgimento
• Elaborate allegorical sculptures and fountains

Know before you go

• Allow extra time for security checks at the entrance.
• Wear comfortable shoes; there are many steps if you skip the elevator.
• Photography is allowed, but no flash near the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier.
• Bring water in summer; the rooftop can be very hot and exposed.

A bit of history

Construction began in 1885 after a design competition won by Giuseppe Sacconi. The monument was inaugurated in 1911 and completed in 1935. It commemorates Victor Emmanuel II, who reigned from 1861 to 1878, and symbolizes Italian unification.