Religious site
Old Jewish Cemetery, Prague
Photo via TripAdvisor (AngelicaCora1912)布拉格约瑟夫城的老犹太人墓园，是这座城市数百年犹太人生活史令人动容的见证。墓园可追溯至15世纪，由于空间有限，墓碑密密麻麻、层层叠叠、多有倾斜，据估计有约1.2万座可见墓碑，掩埋着多达10万具遗骸。游客沿着高出地面的步道行走，观赏这些风化的石碑，其中许多都刻有寓意深远的雕饰。墓园的氛围既宁静又肃穆，让人得以一窥布拉格犹太文化遗产的独特一面。
不容错过
- 入口附近现存最古老的墓碑，属于阿维格多·卡罗（1439年）
- 墓碑上的象征性雕刻，例如代表祭司的双手图案，或代表裁缝的剪刀图案
- 紧邻的平卡斯犹太会堂，墙上列有捷克大屠杀受难者的姓名
门票与旅行团
游览Old Jewish Cemetery, Prague的方式
您可以自行参观Old Jewish Cemetery, Prague。导游值得请，以了解容易错过的历史细节；跟团游还可与附近景点组合。
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- The cemetery is administered by the Jewish Museum in Prague.
- Gravestones feature Hebrew inscriptions with the deceased's name and date of death, and from the 16th century, symbols hinting at their life, character, name, or profession.
历史一瞥
The cemetery's oldest gravestone dates from 1439, belonging to rabbi and poet Avigdor Kara. Burials continued until 1787, when Emperor Josef II banned interments inside the city walls for hygienic reasons. The cemetery's layered graves resulted from a lack of space and the Jewish prohibition on removing old graves; new soil was added on top, and older gravestones were either covered or raised to the new surface.
常见问题
Why are the gravestones so close together?
Over 300 years, the cemetery ran out of space. Instead of removing old graves, new layers of soil were added on top, sometimes creating up to twelve layers. Older gravestones were either covered or raised to the new surface, resulting in the dense cluster you see today.
Who is buried in the oldest grave?
The oldest gravestone, from 1439, belongs to rabbi and poet Avigdor Kara. His elegy describing the 1389 pogrom of the Prague Ghetto is still recited on Yom Kippur at the Old-New Synagogue.
What is the hill Nephele?
Nephele (meaning 'miscarriage' in Hebrew) is a section where children who died before one month of age were buried. Remains and gravestones found during modern construction in Prague were also transferred there.
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